Nathalia Brodskaya

"I paint what I see and not what it pleases others to see." What other words than these of Édouard Manet, seemingly so different from the sentiments of Monet or Renoir, could best define the Impressionist movement? Without a doubt, this singularity was explained when, shortly before his death, Claude Monet wrote: "I remain sorry to have been the cause of the name given to a group the majority of which did not have anything Impressionist." In this...

Degas was closest to Renoir in the impressionist's circle, for both favoured the animated Parisian life of their day as a motif in their paintings. Degas did not attend Gleyre's studio; most likely he first met the future impressionists at the Café Guerbois. He started his apprenticeship in 1853 at the studio of Louis-Ernest Barrias and, beginning in 1854, studied under Louis Lamothe, who revered Ingres above all others, and transmitted his adoration...

Naive art first became popular at the end of the 19th century. Until that time, this form of expression, created by untrained artists and characterized by spontaneity and simplicity, enjoyed little recognition from professional artists and art critics. Influenced by primitive arts, naive painting is distinguished by the fluidity of its lines, vivacity, and joyful colors, as well as by its rather clean-cut, simple shapes. Naive art counts among its...

Claude Monet (Paris, 1840 – Giverny, 1926) Pour Claude Monet, le qualificatif d'impressionniste est toujours resté un sujet de fierté. Malgré tout ce que les critiques ont pu écrire sur son oeuvre, Monet n'a cessé d'être véritablement impressionniste jusqu'à la fin de sa très longue vie. Il l'a été par conviction profonde, et peut-être a-t-il sacrifié à son impressionnisme beaucoup d'autres possibilités que lui offrait son immense...

Pierre–Auguste Renoir (Limoges, 1841 – Cagnes-Sur-Mer, 1919) Pierre-Auguste Renoir naquit le 25 février 1841 à Limoges. En 1854, ses parents retirèrent l'enfant de l'école et le placèrent dans l'atelier des frères Lévy afin qu'il apprenne la peinture sur porcelaine. Son frère cadet, Edmond Renoir,racontait : «De ce qu'il usait des bouts de charbon sur les murs, on en conclut qu'il aurait du goût pour une profession artistique. Nos parents...

Born at the dawn of the 20th century, Fauvism burst onto the artistic scene at the 1905 Salon d'Automne with great controversy by throwing bright, vibrant colours in the face of artistic convention. Fuelled by change, artists like Matisse, Derain, and Vlaminck searched for a new chromatic language by using colour out of its habitual context. Freed from the strict technique advocated by the École des Beaux-Arts, they used blocky colours as their main...

Symbolism appeared in France and Europe between the 1880s and the beginning of the 20th century. The Symbolists, fascinated with ancient mythology, attempted to escape the reign of rational thought imposed by science. They wished to transcend the world of the visible and the rational in order to attain the world of pure thought, constantly flirting with the limits of the unconscious. The French Gustave Moreau, Odilon Redon, the Belgians Fernand Khnopff...

Entre 1880 et les premières années du XXe siècle, le Symbolisme voit le jour en France et en Europe. Les symbolistes, fascinés par les mythologies anciennes, tentent d'échapper au règne de la pensée rationaliste imposée par la science. Souhaitant dépasser le monde du visible et du sensible pour atteindre le monde de la pensée pure, ils flirtent constamment avec les limites de l'inconscient. Les Français Gustave Moreau et Odilon Redon, les...

Paul Gauguin fue primero un marino y luego un exitoso corredor de bolsa en París. En 1874 comenzó a pintar los fines de semana, como pasatiempo. Nueve años después, tras la caída de la bolsa de valores, se sintió lo bastante confiado en su habilidad para ganarse la vida pintando, que renunció a su puesto y se dedicó a la pintura de tiempo completo. Siguiendo el ejemplo de Cézanne, Gauguin pintó naturalezas muertas desde el principio de su...

'Father Pissarro', as his friends liked to call him, was the most restrained of the artists of the Impressionist movement. Perhaps it was his age, being older than his fellow artists Monet, Sisley, Bazille, and Renoir, or rather his maturity, which resulted in his works having such serene and sober subjects and compositions. A man of simple tastes, he enjoyed painting peasants going about their daily lives. However, Pissarro owes his belated fame...